Essay: Chile 2010

Chile was a colony from Spain for three centuries, when Spain was the most important empire of the world. But in 1810 the most important families formed the first autonomous government in Santiago of Chile, and then it become a free country like Argentina. This fact was the most important of the history of Chile, because began the war of independency and finally the formation of one nation, first from Copiapó until Concepcion, and then from Arica until Punta Arenas. This year the Chilean people remembered and celebrate this fact that began our independency and nationality.

I think that this year was special because we had great disasters like, earthquake and tsunami in the center-south of Chile, then the 33 miners underground, and then Mapuche and Rapa Nui conflicts. In the other hand, we had the South Africa 2010 football world cup, where Chile participated and give much happiness in the first half of the year. In spite of these antecedents and its consequences, like social and economic problems, the Chilean people have celebrated the bicentenary with four free days, and many activities in all year.

In the second half of this year, the TV and the government promoted the learning of the history, nationality and culture from Chile. For these reasons, the TV programs were made about significant facts of the national history, like the Independency, Pacific War, and the social conflict at 1973. On other hand, the culture was promoted with government programs, with focus on the tradition, native people, and the contemporany society. For example, the “bicentenary person” was a government program from the Culture department. This program searched the person that made a most important contribution to the country.

My conclusion is that ideas like unification or nationality were stronger after to disasters of the first term. Also were important the history and culture subjects. In the 2010 we have viewed that Chile is a country with many cultures and great socioeconomic differences. However, we have joined stood to disasters, we meet for the celebrations and solidarity causes. I think that was a complex year, with many difficulties and social problems, but that the Chilean people could overcome.

Mapuches

Hi
I think that Mapuches conflict is several problem in our society, because they are constitution members and Chilean people for then they have all right when cry this historical demands. I think that his problem is a historical subject, and is very difficult take a radical position.
The most important problem is the earth restitution; this point is the national discussion. In this problem the government solutions has been insufficient, and the walk is very difficult, because the government sometimes forget that the Mapuches society is a ancestry culture which has lived for many centuries and which have its culture regulations . For example many politic people think that the few solutions to problem is the absence of person (or group), with authority on the Mapuches communities, but this conceptions is not possible because the Mapuches people only has a local authorities and chose a great authority in specifics situations. Then is necessary take conscience about the great Mapuches world, and in the specific subjects about it, like political-economy, relationships, preferences about to solutions, conceptions about the earth.
I think that the Mapuches trying to solve its problems to pacify make, but the little coverage of TV and newspaper about to pacify solutions between government authorities and Mapuches authorities, we do not see it. In contraposition the TV and newspaper take more attention in the conflict when have conflicts between policy and Mapuches, that is when do not have appeases solutions.
I believe which a tool for the solutions of the many problems and conflicts about the Mapuches is the use to academic knowledge, that is , use the work about to anthropology, because is very important have the perspective of the Mapuches, know his world, his social demands and, expectative and priorities about the solutions. In this point I think that the first step must be to government, and return to academic knowledge like support of the social political.

Music

Hi

My favorite musical group is Green Day. The kind of music of Green day is Punk-Rock, but I do not the punk rock like my favorite kind of music. Really I prefer listen many types of music about to the different countries or cultures, like Arabic, Indian, Polynesia, in especially to translate the Rapa Nui music. Other kinds of music which I like are the Pop, rock classic, and reggae. This examples represent to me, in specially the classical rock, is motivating in my mornings during the week. My favorite band of this kind of music is journey, but I like more the singers like rock Springfield, rob Thomas, mc lean, Jessie McCartney, Queen, and others.
I really enjoy to listen many types of music, in especially I prefer the songs from Rapa Nui, are very beautiful songs. But the music in my daily life depends to my different activities in the day or week.
In general I do not decide that type of music like or dislike, I prefer listen and then to search and repeat the song, band or singer.
Return to Green Day was one of the bands that promoted the Punk trend at the 90`s, and I cannot avoid listen its songs with my friends in the school, and the band finished to like me. For this reason I like this group because they have a good sound and it is from my school years. When I listen to their music, I remember good moments with my classmates.

I really recommend listen Rapa Nui music, Indian and Arabic music. These types of music are very good!!!!. In especially the Rapa Nui music, it’s very relaxing, entertaining, beautiful, and its songs to relate the history, tradition and culture of this wonderful island

see you.-

green world

Hi everybody

I think which people learn the environmentally practices in their daily life, because great population have children studying about it (elementary school), and the interaction between old people and younger do which this theme of environmentally( contingence) will be constant in the daily life.

In my case, I have incorporated the footprints, but only in 75 percent in my home, because in the places which I visited have not garbage to separate. In my daily life I try to make seperate garbage.

Always I have gone in public transport, for the reason of environmentally, trying to help on the decrease to pollution. I had bicycle but I don’t want use it for going to university or other activities, I considerate very dangerous in traffics of Santiago. I try to walk in the center of the city because and the park or many other activities around of my home, because are few kilometers.

When I was little boy, in the elementary school I was member of the ecology academy in my school for 3 years, in this sessions we teachers try to give advances, techniques and practices in direction of care our environmentally, looking it like our home. One object was which we could sow seeds, care the animals like insects and the birds and others which participate in the ecological system; it was great experiences, because I really learned about the natural world. A second object was learn about to deferent cultures which care the natural world, in those sessions I learned many about the aymará, diaguita and mapuche culture, also about farmer and fishers. Really this experience was very good. I began to look the world with other eyes.

In my second year in the high school I was member of one program with object save to Humedal de Lluta, Arica. Here we tried of save the different species of birds, plants, insects, and the diversity of micro-climes about the Humedal.

see you!!

environment

Hi everybody

I think which people learn the environmentally practices in their daily life, because great population have children studying about it (elementary school), and the interaction between old people and younger do which this theme of environmentally( contingence) will be constant in the daily life.

In my case, I have incorporated the footprints, but only in 75 percent in my home, because in the places which I visited have not garbage to separate. In my daily life I try to make seperate garbage.

Always I have gone in public transport, for the reason of environmentally, trying to help on the decrease to pollution. I had bicycle but I don’t want use it for going to university or other activities, I considerate very dangerous in traffics of Santiago. I try to walk in the center of the city because and the park or many other activities around of my home, because are few kilometers.

When I was little boy, in the elementary school I was member of the ecology academy in my school for 3 years, in this sessions we teachers try to give advances, techniques and practices in direction of care our environmentally, looking it like our home. One object was which we could sow seeds, care the animals like insects and the birds and others which participate in the ecological system; it was great experiences, because I really learned about the natural world. A second object was learn about to deferent cultures which care the natural world, in those sessions I learned many about the aymará, diaguita and mapuche culture, also about farmer and fishers. Really this experience was very good. I began to look the world with other eyes.

In my second year in the high school I was member of one program with object save to Humedal de Lluta, here we tried of save the different species of birds, plants, insects, and the diversity of micro-climes about the Humedal.

Forence Anthropology: Combined DNA Index System (CODIS)

Well… one thing that can be a possibility in the physical anthropology (or also called forensic Anthropology) is to participate in the legal medical service (SML) and Police Investigations (PDI) in the registration of DNA sequence, fingerprints, collections of the crime evidences and genomic analysis of the imputed. For these reasons, I believe that the new DNA system collection is the most important in the last years for the develop of my career and our country. In the future, my modest dream, will be to work in the genetic labs of the PDI and SML from Chile for use the new DNA system collection.

This system is a police and scientific instrument, which is part a government policy to protect victims of crime in a coordinated effort by the SML and the Ministry of Justice, Prisons, prosecutors, police and Police Investigations.

The system is a progressive collection of five different records: register of convicted, defendants registration, recording of evidence, registration of missing persons and their families, and victims registration. The collection is made on the basis of genetic fingerprints during a criminal investigation and with an absolute scientific certainty will allow the identification of a potential suspect by comparing his genetic pattern and the DNA profile of biological samples (evidence) collection at the scene. Finally, the technology used is based on the program or software called COMBINED DNA INDEX SYSTEM (CODIS), developed by the FBI in the United States and provided to our country after an agreement of cooperation signed by the Ministry of Justice and the FBI in 2003. One important feature is that CODIS is the most advanced in Latin America.

Source information:

http://www.sml.cl/portal/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=87&Itemid=24

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Combined_DNA_Index_System

Break new: The 33 group underground

I think that the 33 miners underground was a break new that we feel in our hearts: when we knew the new that they are underground because to collapsed mine (San José), and when the 33 miners were find, the Chilean people was overjoyed by the new of that they are live. Personally, I believed that they have died, because arrived the second week and don’t have news of that they are live, but my opinion changed, and I feel admiration, joy and returned my hope in their rescue. The last new, that they are live, is the reason that has been in a long time to Chile in the World attention.
I think that the political attitude of the government has been proper, because they has gaved all their economic and technical effort for: comunication with 33 miners, and the rescue of them. But, personally, I concidered that the responsibility in all works (comunication and rescue) made by the government, should to be made by the San José company, because hasn’t been present in the develop of this new.
The press attention has been good since the first moment and develop its. The press was worry for the family of the 33 miners, names, works, company responsabilities, and the potencial solutions of the government. I think that the press work was good and correct. But I think that the last time the write press and TV, have changed their conception of the problem and tragedy, to a conception of “reality show”, where shows all cotidianity of the miners, they are visted for many famous people, with presents, (…). I concidered that the tragedy news is now a famous new where don’t respect the intimity and real problem of the miners. The new is now more a economic publicity.

Santiago

Hello
Santiago is the capital of this long country of South America. It is a metropolis, because have a great population and territory.
Some places that you can visit in Santiago are the center of city. This place is an important feature of Santiago, because in this zone you can find monuments and museum that shows the history of the city, also you can go to traditional places where there are folklore, craftwork, and music. For this reason I recommend have present organization for you interests, like History and traditional places, adventure places, or many others.
For what thing can you do in Santiago, I recommend enjoy and tray to visit all places that you interest in this city, beginning for:
- Walk for the Santa Lucia and San Cristobal, these places are hills in the center of Santiago. Visit these places is a very good experience because you can have a panoramic vision of the city. Also in San Cristobal you could visit the Metropolitan Zoo walking until to peak of hill. Furthermore you can go to Neruda` house; La Chascona.
- Other place is the center marked. This place is very good when you want eat a traditional foot of Chile. Also here can you do buys a very good price.
- The museum of Natural History in “la Cisterna” is a great monument of the history, biodiversity and the originals culture from Chile. In this place you can see recreations and exposition about Chile, including its prehistory. Furthermore around of the museum there are: trees and a lake, where you can walk and sail, respectively.
- One magnificent place is visit the mountains, because is a good place for to do sport and funny when you play with snow. Also you can rent a sky kit, and enjoy of the adrenalin.
- “Plaza de Armas”, is a very good place where you can see many elements of the tradition and culture of Santiago. Around of “Plaza de armas” there are many museums and monuments like; “museo Precolombino”, “Catedral de Santiago”, government building and Historical building. Is a good place for walk, take a coffee. Also you can buy books, pictures, and craftworks form Chile.

Hello
I would like to visit Egypt. I always dreamt about knowing it. I like Egypt because it is a millenary culture of our world. Although this country is on the Mediterranean coast, and has a very good climate.
I knew Egypt only through my books; I know that is a country in the African continent, which has a great history of ancient world, with many antiques and archeological places. You can visit the pyramids and see the magnificent tradition of Egypt.
The Egyptians were one of the first major civilizations to codify design elements in art and architecture. I would like to be in Egypt as a professional, because I want to live in Egypt for only few months studying its culture; then I would like to visit its cities like Alexandria or Cairo. In the first place, I will refer to work, as an anthropologist I would like to be able travel and know many archeological places, like: ancient Alexandria`s Library, and the pyramids, or the Cairo`s museum and the kings´cementery. In the second place I would like visit the cities of Egypt, from the coast to the desert: Sahara. Egypt does not only antiques; but in the last time it has become relevant about petrol transport, customs on the coast, and a great progress in its economy.
In the end I only want to live studying the magnificent cultures in the world, and start in Egypt would be very good.

My First Term

Hello
this is my second year in the career of anthropology. I have enjoyed this career, especially the first term, because it was very interesting for me. In the first term I had eight classes with different subjects, but the only one that I liked was the Elementals of Physical Anthropology, because in this class we saw many subjects about how to study physical anthropology, such as: forensic sciences, Ergonomic, evolution, bio-archeology. Really I enjoyed this class because it was very relevant to know about the specialty I will choose next year. On the other hand, the class that I did not like was Ethno-history, because I got bored a lot, and it was a great challenge for me.
My life in Santiago in the first term was quiet; I have been always quiet and my personality does nto change with my friends. In the weekends I meet with my friend of the University. But the only moments that I could meet with my school friends is at the end of term.
One more thing I did in the first term was to travel to Arica in the midterm, precisely in May, because I wanted to see my family, and especially because I went to my brother´s baptism. This action meant that I had to take two tests at the end of term.

some advices

Hi my name is Mario and I am studying anthropology in my second year. I like the topics of anthropology in its different subjects, such as: archeologist and physical anthropology. I would like to write about these subjects but I believe they will be very boring with a great difficulty due to their scientific words. But it would be a good experience for practicing the language of the academy.
I think we should write about something in common, which in general, would be interesting-subjects like: relevant news of our country or the world, breaking news and comments in the blog. Others subjects: I prefer write about music and specially movies, I love go the cinema.
I specially recommend these subjects, but… well, I don’t know what topics you would, sorry for my few ideas because in the last course we wrote about many topics which were very interesting.
Good luck!! See you
Mario

Good Experience

I really enjoyed the experience of writing on the blog. In the beginning of the English class, I did not believe that I could write in another language. In the development of the course I began to enjoy writing about different things and also to leave comments on my classmates blogs.

I like the blog because I can write about interesting subjects (public or private). I think that blogs are more important than other social networks, like facebook, twitter or messenger. The blogs are much personal, and they represent better all kinds of people.

In the blog I did not wrote only about subjects of anthropology, I also wrote about my personal tastes, such as movies, my favorite trip, my favorite food and the Chilean football team.

In general, I like blogs because I really enjoyed writing on them in the second hour. In blogs it is very important the grammar, and because of this I have had very difficult times when writing some words or sentences in my publications. I had to use the dictionary to translate some words, because my vocabulary is very small, and that was a problem that I had to resolve in this first half of the year. The constant work on my blog helped me to improve my English competence and increase my vocabulary.

The advantages of using the blog were: improve my knowledge of English and improve my interaction with other persons. I have problems talking with other people in English, and I think that others may have the same problem; for this reason I believe that the constant use of the blog can really help to solve this issue. The constant use of the blog makes necessary the use of a dictionary, because in differents contexts we need many words for explain consistently and improve the ideas.

The disadvantage of using the blog, for me, was mainly the time that I have to write my publications. I have the habit of write in English very calm, and in the first classes of English it was very difficult for me to use the blog, and I always finished much later than the class hour.

South Africa 2010

I think the world cup is a social event of great magnitude, in which increase nationalism. The World Cup represents the struggle with other countries through football. It is interesting to see how football fans will do everything for going to South Africa.
I love football. I have seen all 2010 qualifying matches. I like to watch the matches of the Chilean national team, but I do not like the matches of tournament national club.
I will see the matches of Chile in my house with my best friend. All parties that we have seen Chile has never lost, so it's a sort of habit. I am considering the possibility of seeing the game on Monday 21 in the University, because that day we have an important class and for reasons of time I would be more comfortable. For Friday's match at 2:30 PM I would see the party in my house, because my classes will finish to mid day.
The participation of the Chilean team is with high expectations, because the team has a good offensive game, introduced several players from European football and was second in qualifying behind the first: Brazil
Chile is in Group H with Honduras, Switzerland and Spain. The Chilean team lost meet all these teams, but I am optimistic and I think that they can win. Switzerland and Honduras are found as the main rivals.
Possible victories of Chilean team are important because the great majority of the people will be with so much attention in each World Cup match. I stress that there is great joy when the team wins, but is very sad when they loses. The matches are very good for to meet with family, friends, and compatriots to see the World cup and enjoyed in company.

Dolphins

This photo shows dolphins from Japan. This is one of the many photos taken by Greenpeace during the twentieth century. I don’t know the name of the person who took the original photo, but I know that it was taken in collaboration between Greenpeace and the BBC of London, for the making of the documental “The Cove”, directed by Louie Psihoyos.

This picture shows the slaughter of dolphins in 2008 in the southern coast of Taijii, Japan. In this place fishers round up dolphins on rock formations, where they select some dolphins of them for captivity (Aquarius), but the great majority will become food, dolphin oil, and even an alternative medicine.

This bad ecological practice of Japanese businessmen may produce an ecological imbalance in the ecosystem of the Asian coast. The constant slaughter of this species could easily end up with their extinction. Today the river dolphins and other species are endangered.

Other thing that the picture shows is the cruelty of the fishers.

Although in reserves there could be find dolphins (common, of river, and other species), over 89% have disappeared over the twentieth century, specifically the river dolphin species. The reasons for its extinction are many: environmental pollution, overfishing and the alternative medicine purposes on Japan and China.

One of the intentions of this picture is to associate it with the documental of BBC of London: "The Cove”, which shows the dolphin slaughter process in the fishing boats.

I choose this picture because it shows what is really happening and also aware us about the cruelty and great damage that some fishers and businessmen produce. Also we must be aware of environmental pollution and endangered species.

Valdivia

My favorite trip was when I visited the city of Valdivia five years ago. I went there because I took part in a National Congress of Science and Technology organized by Explora Conicyt. I traveled with two friends from my Highschool on Arica. We were the regional winners with our scientific proyect: “Boron effects on Drosophila melanogaster”.

We stayed two weeks in Valdivia. The first day we visited the University, and there the organizers gave us a tour at the "botanical park”. We met many other young people from different regions who also went to the Congress. The organizers took us to multiple archeological sites, the theater, dances and exhibitions, but the best of all was a big party on a boat in the Calle Calle river. On the second day we discussed our project. The Congress Final was on the weekend, and unfortunately we lost on the last stage. But the experience was great; we met winners of the National Science Award, and also enjoyed fun excursions to the Corral beach, and to museums or monuments of the city, like the Marquéz Castle. We started to really enjoy the trip on the second week; we went to Niebla, were we camped for three days, we sail on the Calle Calle river and we visited villages in the region until we went out of money.

I really ejoyed this trip (although we didn't win), because I was with my best friends. In this trip we took the decision of study at the same University. We have been friends for 14 years.

My favourite group

My favorite musical group is Green Day. The kind of music of Green day is Punk-Rock. Green Day is an American Rock trio formed in 1989 for Billie Joe Armstrong, Tré Cool and Mike Dirnt. At the beginning, they called the band “Sweet Children”, and later they changed it to “Green Day”.

Green Day was one of the bands that promoted the Punk trend at the 90`s. The group made his first album, called Dookie, in 1994. In the 90`s Green Day made three more albums: Insomniac, Nimrod and Warning, but these albums did not achieve the massive success of Dookie. Later, with their album American Idiot released in 2004, they reignited their popularity within a younger generation; they managed to sell five million copies in the U.S.A. The Band is enjoying now the success of his new album: 21st Century Breakdown, which was released on May 15, 2009.

Green Day has been successful at the MTV Video Music Awards, receiving nine nominations for "Baket Case", the second single from Dookie, and six awards for "Boulevard of Broken Dreams", the second single from American Idiot. The band has also received 4 Grammy Awards of 18 nominations at the American Music category. Finally, the band was nominated for 9 Billboard Music Awards in 2005, winning 6 of them, including "Rock Artist of the Year" and "Rock Song of the Year."

I like this group because they have a good sound and it is from my school years. When I listen to their music, I remember good moments with my classmates.

My favourite piece of technology: My cell phone

My favourite piece of technology is my cell phone Nokia 5530 Xpressmusic.
My cell phone was a Christmas present of my mom the last year. She bought my cell phone in a store of Falabella in the center of the city of Arica. The main use of my cell phone is reproducing music with good quality of sound. I listen to music on my phone when I travel to the University in transantiago, or when I go home. I use my cell phone to speak my parents and my friends. Other uses that I give are take photos, a voice recorder and see movies. As you can see, I use my cell phone to listen music frequently on my travels, because I do not like the environment bored and sad of the people on the buses.
I like my cell phone because it has many tools, in particular has Wi-Fi connection, which is very important to check email and search information in recess. Also for me a cell phone with Wi-Fi is much more comfortable than a computer, at the times of emergency.
My life without my cell phone would be boring, especially in the travel of transantiago, and also sad, because I could not communicate with my family.

Crêpes

My favorite food is Crepes in the breakfast. The Crepes (crêpe in France)
The crepes are recipe made primarily of wheat flour, with which it produces a disc-shaped mass. Usually used as the basis for a dish or dessert applying all kinds of sweet or savory ingredients
The crepes are from the region of Brittany, in France, where are called krampouezh in the Candelaria festive season.
In the central Europe, the creper are called palačinka (Czech Republic, Slovenia, Croatia), palatschinken (Austria) or palacsinta (Hungary). In these countries the flour was brought from china.
The ingredients are;
1 cup all-purpose flour
2 eggs
½ cup milk
½ cup water
¼ teaspoon salt
2 tablespoons butter, melted
Preparation: In a large mixing bowl, whisk together the flour and the eggs. Gradually add in the milk and water, stirring to combine. Add the salt and butter; beat until smooth. After, cook in frying pan over medium high heat. Pour or scoop the batter onto frying pan, using approximately 1/4 cup for each crepe. Tilt the pan with a circular motion so that the batter coats the surface evenly. Finally, cook the crepe for 2 minutes, until the bottom light brown. Loosen with a spatula, turn and cook the other side. I recommend serve hot and add jam or sweet.
I like crepes, because they are delicious at breakfast, especially if they have jam.

Claude Levi-Strauss was born in Brussels on November 28, 1908. He was the father of structuralism and kinship studies in anthropology.
He studied law and philosophy in France. In 1935 he worked at the University of Sao Paolu Brazil until 1939. He conducted his first ethnographic work in the Amazon rainforest with the tribes of Mato Grosso. In this anthropological study, he published the famous book: "Tristes Tropiques" and "The Savage Mind."
He taught at the New School for Social Research in New York. In this city, he met the linguist Roman Jakobson, whose work was fundamental to the evolution of his ideas of Kinship.

I like Levi-Strauss, because in his structural studies, he could establish the first law in the society: “Incest Taboo”. Also I like him, because he did the structuralist theory.

He returned to France after the Second World War. There he received awards as: the gold medal of Ethnology and the Viking Fund Award (1966), the gold medal at the Centre National de la Recherché Scientifique (1967), the Erasmus Prize (1973) The Foundation Award Nonimar (1986) and the Legion of Honor (1996).
He died in Paris, on Friday, October 30, 2009, before the age of 101.

How to train your Dragon

The last movie I saw was “How to Train your Dragon”. This movie is 3D animation, and genre fantasy. This movie was based on the novel by Cressida Cowell, and the screenplay was William Davies.
The plot this movie is a hapless young Viking: Hiccup. He wants to join his town's fight against the dragons that continually raid their town. However, his macho father and village leader, Stoick the Vast, will not allow his small, clumsy, but inventive son to do so. Hiccups enter the battle, and capture a dragon, but can't kill it. Hiccup and the dragon, whom he dubs Toothless, begin a friendship that would open up both their worlds as the observant boy learns that his people have misjudged the species. But even as the two each take flight in their own way, they find that they must fight the destructive ignorance plaguing their world.

The cast in this movie were: Jay Baruchel (Hiccup voice) and Gerard Butler (Stoick voice).

I like this movie because is very much entertaining. I love the adventure movies like this. And 3D view is very impressive.

In the earthquake, I wasn’t in the zone affected, between VI and VIII regions. I was in the north of Chile: Arica, since fortunately was no dangerous, but this city always has been seismic, then I observed this fact like a natural thing.

My reaction in this event was of sadness, because many people died and others were missing. I impact by the force of nature and his extension of the zone.

I remember what I did after of the earthquake: I called my uncle and my friends in Santiago, but I didn’t have answer until the evening.

The lessons I learned after the earthquake were the poor preparation of the people for this event. In my city and the north coast we have signals, alarms and escape routes, but in the affected zone there were few. Apparently, we forgot we are a seismic country.

Anthropology Physical; Natural culture

Hello, My name is mario, I am student of anthropology at the university of Chile. I like anthropology because to relates art, social history and biology. In this discipline you can find many culture, travel and meet many people. I particulary like the physical anrthropology and invite all those interested in the crazy theory of evolution Darwin and lovers experiments in Drosophilas melanogasters!!!
For me it's great to experiment with those flies, I hope you like them too.
The picture is a representation of the genius of Darwin's theory of evolution. He says the monkey is the origin of man, and I believe him.